DOI: https://doi.org/10.26661/2413-2284-2017-2-38-12
| ПІБ автора(ів) | FULL NAME |
| Палагута Вадим Іванович | Palaguta Vadim |
| УСТАНОВА | AFFILIATION |
| профессор, доктор философских наук, заведующий кафедры инженерной педагогики Национальной Металлургической академии Украины (НМетАУ) (г. Днепр, Украина) | professor, doctor of philosophy, manager of Engineering Pedagogics department, National Metallurgical Academy of Ukraine (NMetAU) (Dnipro, Ukraine) |
| НАЗВА СТАТТІ | ARTICLE’S NAME |
| Разорванная идентичность, или кто мы? | Disrupted identity, or who are we? |
| АНОТАЦІЯ | SUMMARY |
| В статье рассматриваются возможности конструирования национальной идентичности в условиях нынешнего глубокого кризиса всей политической, идеологической и культурной системы Украины и места в ней исторической памяти, служившей и служащей вместилищем наглядных образцов и примеров для всех поколений украинских граждан. В этой связи автор анализирует три взаимосвязанных вопроса, актуальных для оценки состояния и развития современного украинского общества, а именно: что такое историческая память как социокультурный феномен? Как историческая память соотносится с коллективной идентичностью? И как, в контексте исторической памяти, коллективная идентичность соотносится с индивидуальной идентичностью человека? Исследование показывает, что историческая память как феномен всегда сопряжена с животрепещущим вопросом в контексте изучения коллективной идентичности – «кто мы такие?» и «в чём наше предназначение?». Но эти животрепещущие вопросы, служащие одновременно и определённым мерилом человеческого опыта и жизни в целом, а также изучением не только коллективной, но и индивидуальной идентичности людей, намертво связывают прошлое, настоящее и будущее. | The article examines the possibilities of national identity’s construction in the current political, ideological and cultural systems’ deep crises in Ukraine and the place of historical memory in it, having been container for visual samples and examples for all the Ukrainian citizens’ generations. Historical memory as a socio-cultural phenomenon has a significant impact on the formation of collective identity, including national one, and creates a certain matrix or tracing for individual identifications of the subjects. Since Plato's time, the past is always known to be a rich arsenal of images and narratives, whence the present, at its discretion, can reflect everything that it desires, that is may be fully used in the present and transmitted into the future. Therefore, the present constantly constructs the past, choosing for the future suitable patterns from historical memory, directly related to the formation of collective and individual identities. The article analyzes three interrelated issues relevant to assessing the state and development of the contemporary Ukrainian society, namely, what historical memory as a socio-cultural phenomenon is? How does historical memory correlate with collective identity? And how, in the context of historical memory, does collective identity correlate with the individual's identity? The analysis of the first question shows that historical memory as a socio-cultural phenomenon does not only studies the interdependence of the past and the future in the phenomenon of historical memory and their relationship to collective identity. It can be stated that the current processes of deformation and the simultaneous formation of the new collective identities actually break the connection between the past, the present and the future in the historical memory. The process of redefinition of such concepts as "the past," "the present," and "the future," largely does not help, but hinders the national identity concept development. Overlooked or simply not seen, but should be taken into account, and that was clearly demonstrated by the recent Ukrainian events, is the deep emotional and psychological connection of people and social entities with the past. Not only are the people still alive who are attached to a fundamentally different historical memory than the one formed by the current government, but there is also the generation whose social experience is impossible to re-form and replace their established ideas about the past with an entirely different historical memory. Attempts to rewrite history, to change the historical memory of living generations quickly, to reformat collective identities in the society constituted from the mentally different ethnic entities and ones with the different worldview, adhering to different ideas about the past, will lead to further stagnation of the Ukrainian society. The Research shows that historical memory as a phenomenon is always associated with the burning issue in the context of the collective identity study - "who are we?" and "what is our mission?" But these burning questions, which simultaneously serve as a certain measure of human experience and life in general, and the study of the people collective and individual identity, bind the past, the present and the future tightly. That is why, historical memory is something more than just a narrow historians’, philosophers’ and other social scientists’ and humanists’ subject study, or memories and testimonies covered by the dust of archives about past events, which, with rare exceptions, are destined for the public oblivion. Historical memory is associated not only with the axis of time, but also with the timelessness, or metaphorically speaking - with eternity, it largely determines the socio-cultural filling of the individuals’ and social groups’ lives, gives meaningful impulses to it and takes an active part in the social groups’ and an individual’s design of their future. Therefore, not only for the social scientists themselves, but also for the entire Ukrainian society, primarily the cultural and scientific-humanitarian part of it, the interest in studying the phenomenon of historical memory as the purposeful social construction object, is becoming topical now. Up to right now there has been formed the clear understanding that the ideas about the past are determined by the circumstances of the collective present of the definite social, ethnic or religious group that permeates the entire society from top to bottom. By revising the relationship between collective and individual identity in the context of historical memory, the basic identity is considered to be the collective one, but its reformation is allowed. Thus, it can be stated with some assumptions that in the context of historical memory, the individual identity in the “pure form" does not exist, the subject already initially identifies himself with a given, pre-planned collective identity as it were for him. And here it does not really matter whether the collective identity is real, imaginary or symbolic. |
| КЛЮЧОВІ СЛОВА | KEYWORDS |
| историческая память; коллективные идентичности; национальная идентичность; индивидуальная идентичность; самоидентификация; политика идентичности. | historical memory, collective identities, national identity, individual identity, self-identification, identity policy. |
| Завантажити повну версію статті | Download full version of the article |
Палагута В.И. Разорванная идентичность, или кто мы? / В.И. Палагута // Культурологічний вісник: Науково-теоретичний щорічник Нижньої
Наддніпрянщини / Гол. ред. М.А. Лепський; Запорізький національний університет. – Запоріжжя: КСК-Альянс, 2017. Випуск 38. Том 2. C. 107-114.