DOI: https://doi.org/10.26661/2413-2284-2019-1-39-13
| ПІБ автора(ів) | FULL NAME |
| Палагута Вадим Іванович | Palaguta Vadim |
| УСТАНОВА | AFFILIATION |
| професор, доктор философских наук, заведующий кафедрой инженерной педагогики Национальной Металлургической академии Украины (г. Днепр, Украина) | professor, Doctor of Philosophical Sciences, head of Engineering Pedagogics department, National Metallurgical Academy of Ukraine (NMetAU) (Dnipro, Ukraine) |
| НАЗВА СТАТТІ | ARTICLE’S NAME |
| Проблемы формирования гражданской идентичности в современном украинском обществе | Problems of forming civil identity in the modern ukrainian society |
| АНОТАЦІЯ | SUMMARY |
| В статье анализируется принципиальное различие такого феномена как гражданская идентичность с феноменами государственно-гражданской идентичности, национальной или государственно-национальной идентичностью. В статье раскрыто положение, что современное формирование гражданской идентичности в странах с развитыми институтами демократии принципиально отличается от национальной или национально-государственной идентичности, имеющих многовековую историю. Выявлено изменение социально-политического содержания понятия «государство-нация» как нормативного политического образования для исторического опыта построения европейских государств, что имеет немаловажное значение для формирования гражданской идентичности. Замечено, что главным современным вызовом оказывается как позитивное, так и негативное совмещение гражданской, государственной и национальной (государственно-национальной) идентич¬ности. Европейское сообщество вступило в новый свой этап – в формирование интегративной или множественной идентичности. Будущее за таким общеевропейским гражданским сообществом и за межнациональной космополитиче-ской гражданской идентичностью. | Defining the concept of "civil identity", it is necessary to focus on two points - it acts as the constitutive basis of a present-day political nation and as a democratic state footing. Civic identity is defined by a developed civic society, indicates equal membership of all and everyone in the macro-political community, and assumes free identification of the individual with the political culture and social institutions (including the existing institution of citizenship) as due, normative. Civic identity is based on the assimilation of moral or social and cultural values of active, constructive participation in social interactions, participation in the construction and maintenance of civic solidarity, which presupposes the existing democratic rights and freedoms, not formal or declared ones only. It seems necessary to clarify the distinction between such a phenomenon as civic identity and the phenomena of state-national identity and national or state-national identity. The fact is that civic identity is often confused with the latter, in a certain sense, related types of collective identity. This confusion is aggravated by the fact that the concepts of “civic”, “state-civic” and “national” identity are often used as synonymous terms in modern Ukrainian political discourse. Meanwhile, there are significant differences in their content. Thus, civic identity indicates the widespread citizens’ involvement in social interactions throughout the entire social space of society and the emotional experience of this involvement fact - the so called sense of citizenship. The state-civic identity is fundamentally different. It goes from the presence of a state over the subjects. The state is the main point of reference and a reference point in the state-civil identification of the subject here, that is, statism is uniquely internalized into the internal world of the subject and makes significant adjustments to the process of its identification, where the purely personal dimension of identity, that any subject has, goes to second place. State - civil identity is considered as a priority process of subject’s identification. National or state - national identity is understood as the subject’s belonging to the national state macro community. In addition to the national language mandatory use, it implies a deep assimilation by the subject of cultural attitudes, national symbols and traditions, and the continuity of historical memory that are significant for the nation and state - at the level of mentality. It should be said here that the above identity types like civic, state-civic and national or state-national, as a rule, do not differ in modern Ukrainian political discourse, and are interpreted as a single national-state identity, in which state and civil are interchangeable. This identity type with an emphasis on the title - Ukrainian nationality, namely, state-national identity, has nothing to do with the modern formation of civic identity in the countries with developed democratic institutions: the bitter memory of attempts to build states with a one-sided slant on the national, more precisely nationalist idea is still alive In Europe. Ukrainian society needs to adopt this pan-European social development experience, resolutely rejecting the attempt to implement the state-nation model with its state-national identity. Now, before our eyes, the socio-political content of the notion “state-nation” as a normative political entity is changing. As the historical experience European states formation shows, if there is more than one mobilized ethnic group in a country, thorough adaptation of all political institutions to this situation is needed. On the contrary, attempts to fit this ethnic reality into the Procrustean bed of the nation-state lead the country to the deepest systemic crisis, which is observed in Ukraine now. The main contemporary challenge is both positive and negative combination of civic, state and national (state-national) identity. The European community has entered a new stage - the integrative or multiple identity formation open to a different worldview, involving the widest possible involvement of citizens of different nationalities and religions in active interactions within different social groups and social institutions. The integration final vector is defined by the citizens and civic society position as well as by the vector of the civil and not national only but common European political institutions that is the civic “special feeling” capable to support the civic consent and tolerance as well as civic not state only but common European identity alone. The future belongs to such an all-European civil society and inter-national cosmopolitan civic identity. This is the benchmark that should become a universally significant and unifying civic value for the near future, that is, to be the first priority for all and everyone in the present-day Ukrainian society, which has made the all-European choice. |
| КЛЮЧОВІ СЛОВА | KEYWORDS |
| коллективная идентичность, гражданская идентичность, государственно-гражданская идентичность, национальная идентичность, историческая память, индивидуальная идентичность, самоидентификация, космополитическая гражданская идентичность. | collective identities, civic identity, state-civic identity, national identity, state-civic identity, historical memory, individual identity, self-identification, cosmopolitan civiс identity. |
| Завантажити повну версію статті | Download full version of the article |
Палагута В.И. Проблемы формирования гражданской идентичности в современном украинском обществе / В.И. Палагута // Культурологічний вісник: Науково-теоретичний щорічник Нижньої Наддніпрянщини / Гол. ред. М.А. Лепський; Запорізький національний університет. – Запоріжжя: КСК-Альянс, 2019. Випуск 39. Том 1. C. 97-104.